Fiber Optic Lapping Film: Comprehensive Guide to Polishing Technology

Introduction to Fiber Optic Lapping Film

Fiber optic lapping film is a precision-engineered abrasive film used for polishing fiber optic connectors to achieve ultra-smooth and high-performance end faces. It is crucial in minimizing insertion loss and return loss in fiber optic networks. These films come in various grit sizes and abrasive compositions to ensure optimal surface quality and polishing efficiency.

Grit Selection for Fiber Optic Polishing

Choosing the right grit size is essential for achieving the required surface smoothness and minimizing defects such as scratches or under-polished ferrules. Below is a general guideline for grit selection in fiber optic polishing:

Application of Fiber Optic Polishing Films

Fiber optic lapping films are used in manufacturing and maintaining fiber optic connectors for high-speed data transmission. Key applications include:

• Single-Fiber Connectors (FC, SC, ST, LC, MU, E2000)
• Multi-Fiber Connectors (MPO, MTP, MTRJ, MXC)
• Optical Ferrules (Ceramic, Glass, Metal)
• Fiber Optic Patch Cords and Pigtails
• Military and Aerospace Fiber Optic Components
• Medical and Biomedical Optical Fiber Assemblies

Recommended Polishing Process for Fiber Optic Connectors

A precise and structured polishing process ensures optimal fiber optic connector performance. Below is a step-by-step polishing procedure:

1. Epoxy Removal (30µm / 15µm Diamond Film)

• Time: 10-15 seconds
• Pressure: 6-7 psi
• Speed: 120-150 rpm
• Notes: Remove excess epoxy without damaging the ferrule.

2. Initial Polishing (9µm Diamond Film)

• Time: 20-30 seconds
• Pressure: 5-6 psi
• Speed: 120-150 rpm
• Notes: Ensures uniform material removal across the ferrule.

3. Intermediate Polishing (5µm / 3µm Diamond Film)

• Time: 30 seconds
• Pressure: 4-5 psi
• Speed: 120-140 rpm
• Notes: Refines the end-face geometry and reduces scratches.

4. Final Polishing (1µm Diamond / 0.5µm Silicon Oxide Film)

• Time: 10-15 seconds
• Pressure: 4 psi
• Speed: 120-140 rpm
• Notes: Produces a high-quality, smooth fiber end-face.

5. Ultra-Fine Polishing (0.02µm Silicon Dioxide Film)

• Time: 10-15 seconds
• Pressure: 3-4 psi
• Speed: 100-120 rpm
• Notes: Achieves optimal return loss and a pristine surface.

Common Issues in Fiber Optic Polishing & Solutions

Polishing Technology: Understanding Key Components

Modern fiber optic polishing technology consists of the following key elements:

1. Precision Lapping Films – Advanced abrasive films with micron-graded particles ensure uniform polishing results.
2. Polishing Machines – Automated or manual polishing machines with adjustable pressure, speed, and platen movement.
3. Jigs and Fixtures – High-precision connector holders maintain uniform polishing angles and pressure.
4. Cleaning Systems – Proper cleaning of films and ferrules to avoid contamination and scratches.

Polishing Machines and Optimal Settings

The choice of polishing machine and its settings directly impact the performance of fiber optic connectors. Below are some recommended machine settings for MPO and single-fiber connectors:

Single-Fiber Connector Polishing (FC, SC, ST, LC, MU)

MPO Connector Polishing (MTP, MPO, MTRJ)

Conclusion

Fiber optic lapping films play a critical role in achieving high-performance fiber optic connectors. By selecting the appropriate grit, following a structured polishing process, and using optimal machine settings, manufacturers can ensure high-quality, low-loss optical fiber connections. Understanding common polishing issues and their solutions further enhances efficiency and reliability.

For high-precision fiber optic polishing films, customized solutions, and technical support, contact XYT Brands at sales@xytbrands.com

Polished fiber connectors are tested against industry standards:

• IEC 61300-3-35: Ensures proper end-face geometry.
• Telcordia GR-326: Establishes reliability standards for optical connectors.
• Insertion Loss (IL) & Return Loss (RL) Testing:
  • IL should be < 0.3dB for single-mode, < 0.5dB for multi-mode.
  • RL should be > 55dB for UPC, > 65dB for APC.